Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) presents challenges in receiving and responding to sensory information, often affecting children. It can manifest as sensory overloads or a lack of response, making everyday tasks difficult to manage effectively. 

For children receiving Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) services, it is essential that RBTs must be supervised by BCBAs to ensure the appropriate implementation of strategies that address these sensory difficulties and support the child’s development.

What is Sensory Processing Disorder?

sensory issues test overthinking

When someone has Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), it means their brain has difficulty processing sensory information correctly. This can result in either an underreaction or an overreaction to various stimuli, affecting senses such as touch, sight, sound, taste, and smell. 

To effectively support individuals with SPD, RBTs must be supervised by BCBAs to ensure that therapeutic interventions are tailored to the individual’s unique sensory needs and are implemented with precision and care. SPD is typically classified into three distinct categories, each requiring specialized strategies for management.

  1. Sensory Modulation Disorder: Involves difficulty responding to sensory input in a manner that is appropriately regulated.
  2. Sensory-Based Motor Disorder: Characterized by difficulties with balance, motor skills, and coordination.
  3. Sensory Discrimination Disorder: Involves the difficulty in distinguishing between similar sensations, such as differentiating between textures.

These subtypes can overlap, making it essential to conduct thorough testing and observation.

Success Stories

“Move Up ABA has been a lifeline for our family. Before starting therapy, our son struggled with daily routines and communication. Now, he’s more independent and even initiated a conversation with a classmate for the first time! The progress we’ve seen in just six months is truly remarkable.”

- Emily R., Silver Spring, Accountant

“As a single dad, I was overwhelmed trying to manage my child’s behavior. The Move Up ABA team not only provided amazing support for my little girl but also taught me practical strategies to use at home. Their in-home sessions fit perfectly with our busy schedule. I’m so grateful for their patience and expertise.”

- Michael T., Rockville, Middle School Teacher

“We were hesitant about starting ABA therapy, but Move Up ABA’s approach put us at ease from day one. Our twins have made incredible strides in their social skills and self-regulation. The therapists are like extended family now, and we couldn’t be happier with our decision to work with them.”

- Aisha and James L., Simpson, Police Officers

Ready to start your child's journey to success? Schedule a free consultation today! 📞 Call (410) 497-8865.

Click Here to Apply Now

Symptoms of Sensory Processing Disorder

The symptoms of SPD can vary significantly from person to person. Some may be overly sensitive to external stimuli, while others may show little to no reaction. Key symptoms include:

  • Hyperreactivity: Overreaction to sounds, lights, textures, and other stimuli.
  • Hypo-reactivity: Underreaction or lack of response to sensory stimuli.
  • Coordination Problems: Difficulty with fine and gross motor skills.
  • Avoidance Behaviors: Refusal to engage in activities involving specific sensory inputs.
  • Seeking Behaviors: Craving excessive sensory input, such as spinning, swinging, or touching.

Understanding these symptoms is the first step in recognizing and addressing SPD.

How to Test for Sensory Processing Disorder

Testing for SPD requires a comprehensive evaluation by an occupational therapist specializing in sensory integration. Below are the primary steps involved in assessing SPD:

1. Initial Observation and Screening

  • Parent and Teacher Questionnaires: Gather information from those who interact with the child regularly.
  • Behavioral Checklists: Use standardized tools to identify atypical sensory behaviors.

2. Standardized Assessments

  • Sensory Profile™: A standardized tool that assesses the child’s sensory processing patterns.
  • Sensory Integration and Praxis Test (SIPT): Measures the sensory integration processes that underlie learning and behavior.
  • Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview (3Di): A structured interview covering developmental history and current functioning.

sensory issues test happy kid swinging

3. Observational Analysis

  • Structured Observations: Assess how the child responds to various sensory inputs in a controlled environment.
  • Play-Based Assessments: Observe sensory responses during play, focusing on motor skills and sensory preferences.

4. Clinical Evaluation

  • Occupational Therapy Assessment: Includes testing for motor planning, balance, coordination, and sensory discrimination.
  • Parent Interview: Discuss the child’s developmental history and specific concerns related to sensory processing.

5. Developing an Intervention Plan

  • After evaluation, a tailored intervention plan is created, focusing on improving sensory integration and developing coping strategies.

Common Misconceptions About Sensory Processing Disorder

1. SPD is the Same as Autism

While SPD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can co-occur, they are distinct conditions. Not every child with SPD has autism, and not every child with autism has SPD.

2. Children with SPD Are Just Misbehaving

Children with SPD are not acting out intentionally. Their behaviors are a direct response to how their brain processes sensory information.

3. SPD is a Rare Disorder

SPD is relatively common, affecting approximately 5-16% of children. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes.

Sensory Processing Disorder in Adults

SPD is not exclusive to children; adults can also experience sensory processing difficulties. Adult symptoms often include:

  • Difficulty Concentrating: Trouble focusing in environments with background noise.
  • Emotional Overwhelm: Intense emotional reactions to seemingly minor sensory inputs.
  • Social Challenges: Difficulty engaging in social situations due to sensory overload.

Testing in adults is similar to that in children, with an emphasis on self-reporting and occupational performance assessments.

Effective Strategies for Managing Sensory Processing Disorder

1. Sensory Diets

A sensory diet is a personalized activity plan that provides the sensory input a person needs to stay focused and organized throughout the day. Activities may include swinging, jumping, or using weighted blankets.

2. Therapeutic Techniques

  • Occupational Therapy (OT): Focuses on sensory integration therapy to help individuals respond more appropriately to sensory input.
  • Speech and Language Therapy: Assists in managing sensory issues related to speech and communication.
  • Physical Therapy: Helps improve motor skills and coordination.

sensory issues test wearing headphone

3. Home and School Modifications

  • Creating a Sensory-Friendly Environment: Use of sensory tools like noise-canceling headphones, fidget toys, and designated quiet spaces.
  • Structured Routines: Consistent schedules can reduce anxiety and improve coping mechanisms.

Conclusion

Individuals with Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) require a comprehensive approach for proper identification and treatment. Understanding the range of symptoms exhibited, employing appropriate diagnostic techniques, and utilizing effective interventions can significantly improve their quality of life.

Early intervention and tailored support are crucial in helping those with SPD navigate their sensory experiences. To ensure effective implementation of these strategies, RBTs must be supervised by BCBAs, as this oversight guarantees adherence to best practices and optimal care for individuals with SPD.